Noah Webster
Espalier
ESPAL'IER, noun [Latin palus, a stake or pole.] A row of trees planted about a garden or in hedges, so as to inclose quarters or separate parts, and trained up to a lattice of wood-work, or fastened to stakes, forming a close hedge or shelter to protect plants against injuries from wind or weather.
ESPAL'IER, verb transitive To form an espalier or to protect by an espalier